Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  • Define cloud computing and its main service models (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS).
  • Define green computing and its goals.
  • Define virtualization and its benefits.

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is the delivery of on-demand computing services—from applications to storage and processing power—over the internet on a pay-as-you-go basis. The three main service models are:

  • SaaS (Software as a Service): Renting application software (e.g., Google Workspace).
  • PaaS (Platform as a Service): Renting a platform to build, test, and deploy your own applications.
  • IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Renting basic computing infrastructure like servers and storage.

Green Computing

Green computing is the environmentally responsible and eco-friendly use of computers and their resources. The goals are to reduce energy consumption, minimize electronic waste, and promote sustainability.

Virtualization

Virtualization is the process of creating a virtual, rather than actual, version of something, such as a server, a storage device, or a network. It is the core technology that enables cloud computing. Virtualization allows a single physical server to run multiple independent virtual machines, which dramatically improves the efficiency and utilization of the hardware.

Summary

Several major trends are reshaping IT infrastructure. Cloud computing allows businesses to rent computing resources over the internet instead of owning them. Green computing focuses on making IT more environmentally sustainable. The foundational technology for both of these trends is virtualization, which allows for the creation of virtual machines and dramatically improves hardware efficiency.

Key Takeaways

  • Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources over the internet.
  • Green computing is the practice of environmentally sustainable IT.
  • Virtualization is the creation of a virtual version of a computing resource and is the key enabling technology for the cloud.

Discussion Questions

  1. What are the main benefits of cloud computing for a new startup company?
  2. What are some simple things you can do to practice green computing with your own devices?
  3. How does virtualization help a company save money?